Basic characteristics of steel structures
characteristic
1. High material strength and lightweight
Steel has high strength and elastic modulus. Compared with concrete and wood, the ratio of density to yield strength is relatively low. Therefore, under the same stress conditions, steel structures have smaller cross-sections, lighter self weight, are easy to transport and install, and are suitable for structures with large spans, high heights, and heavy loads.
2. Steel has good toughness, plasticity, uniform material, and high structural reliability
Suitable for withstanding impact and dynamic loads, with good seismic performance. The internal structure of steel is uniform, almost isotropic and homogeneous. The actual working performance of steel structures is in line with the calculation theory. So the reliability of steel structures is high.
3. High degree of mechanization in steel structure manufacturing and installation
Steel structural components are easy to manufacture in factories and assemble on construction sites. Mechanized manufacturing of steel structural components in factories has high precision, high production efficiency, fast assembly speed on construction sites, and short construction period. Steel structure is the most industrialized structure.
4. Good sealing performance of steel structure
Due to the welding structure, it can achieve complete sealing and create high-pressure vessels, large oil tanks, pressure pipelines, etc. with good air tightness and water tightness.
5. Steel structure is heat-resistant but not fire-resistant
When the temperature is below 150 ℃, the properties of the steel change very little. Therefore, steel structures are suitable for hot workshops, but when the surface of the structure is exposed to thermal radiation of around 150 ℃, insulation panels should be used for protection. When the temperature is between 300 ℃ and 400 ℃ The strength and elastic modulus of steel both significantly decrease, and the strength of steel tends to zero when the temperature is around 600 ℃. In buildings with special fire protection requirements, steel structures must be protected with refractory materials to improve their fire resistance rating.